
ESIN
Main indication: Any unstable fracture
Skill:

Equipment:

If elastic nails are not available, the ESIN method can be performed with long stainless-steel K-wires.
If closed reduction is not possible, an open reduction may be necessary.
This treatment can be performed if image intensifier is not available with fracture reduction under direct vision.
Advantages
- Cast-free rehabilitation
- Minimally invasive treatment
- Good alignment of fracture fragments
- Predictably good functional outcome
Disadvantages
- Image intensifier recommended
- Risk of nerve or tendon injury at entry point
- Risk of infection
- General anesthesia required
- Second anesthetic required for implant removal
Legend
*Skill | |
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Basic surgical experience, no specialized skills |
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Some specialized surgical experience |
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Highly experienced and skilled surgeon |
*Equipment | |
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Basic equipment only |
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Simple surgical and imaging resources |
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Full specialized surgical and imaging resources |